Preheat the Oven: Preheat your oven to 400°F (200°C). Line two baking sheets with parchment paper and lightly spray them with nonstick cooking spray.
Make the Dough: In the bowl of a stand mixer fitted with a dough hook, combine the yeast, brown sugar, and 1/4 cup of warm water. Whisk together and let it stand for 5 minutes until frothy. Add the remaining 1 1/4 cups of warm water, flour, and salt. Begin mixing on low speed, gradually pouring in the melted butter. Increase the speed to medium and knead for about 7 minutes until the dough is elastic, smooth, and no longer sticky.
Shape the Pretzels: Transfer the dough to a clean work surface without adding flour. Divide the dough into 10 equal pieces, each weighing about 100 grams. Roll each piece into a 20-inch long log. Shape each log into a “U”, cross the ends over each other, twist, and then bring the ends down to form a pretzel shape. Place the pretzels on the prepared baking sheets. Cover and let them rise for 30 minutes, until slightly puffed.
Prepare the Baking Soda Bath: In a large pot, bring the baking soda and water to a gentle boil. Once the pretzels have risen, boil them in the soda solution in small batches, for 30 seconds on each side. Use a slotted spoon to remove them from the bath and place them back on the baking sheets. Score the thickest part of each pretzel with two slashes using a paring knife.
Bake the Pretzels: Bake the pretzels in the preheated oven for about 16 minutes, alternating the trays halfway through baking to ensure even cooking. Bake for less time if you prefer softer pretzels or longer for a crispier texture.
Prepare the Garlic Parmesan Topping: While the pretzels are baking, melt the butter in a small saucepan over medium-low heat. Add the minced garlic and cook, stirring frequently, until fragrant, about 1-2 minutes. Stir in the salt, garlic powder, and parsley.
Finish the Pretzels: Once the pretzels are baked and still warm, brush them generously with the garlic butter mixture. Sprinkle each pretzel with a generous amount of grated Parmesan cheese.
Serve: Serve the Garlic Parmesan Soft Pretzels warm and enjoy the savory, buttery flavor with every bite.